The complement cascade is a biochemical process in the blood that helps or 'complements' cells of the immune system to eliminate invading pathogens. When activated by one of three pathways, a cascade ...

Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) have important roles in the signalling mechanisms that orchestrate cellular responses to many types of stresses, but ...

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality with limited therapeutic options. Despite ...

Many novel treatment approaches are being investigated to halt progression of geographic atrophy (GA) or, potentially, even reverse the retinal damage. The major categories include novel complement ...

Cancer researchers have chased the idea of a universal cancer vaccine for decades. The promise sounds bold and almost ...

Energy security entails “the uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price” (International Energy Agency, 2025). Energy abundance drives economic prosperity, whereas scarcity ...

In July 2025, Novartis Pharmaceuticals conducted a study is to assess the effect of Iptacopan to prevent conversion of early ...

Sean Ross is a strategic adviser at 1031x.com, Investopedia contributor, and the founder and manager of Free Lances Ltd. David Kindness is a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) and an expert in the ...

Taste your way through Pennsylvania’s holiday markets, where the food outshines the shopping with iconic treats and local favorites.

Digital skills are now fundamental to modern chemistry, yet UK education pathways are failing to keep pace with the evolving demands of the workforce. The gap between classroom practice and ...