Abstract: In complex-valued neural network (CVNN) applications, complex number calculations require high performance rather than high precision. However, most previous studies focused on ...

Abstract: This article proposes a method for estimating the number of sources using the time-domain received signal in frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar systems. Conventional approaches ...

Julia Kagan is a financial/consumer journalist and former senior editor, personal finance, of Investopedia. A Social Security number (SSN) is a numerical ID for U.S. citizens and residents to track ...

Complex networks are networks that feature patterns of connection between their elements that are neither purely regular nor purely random. Most real-world networks, such as transportation, social or ...

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B vitamins support energy production, brain health, and red blood cell formation. B12 is especially important for nerve health and people on vegan diets may need supplements. Supplements can help fill ...

Julia Kagan is a financial/consumer journalist and former senior editor, personal finance, of Investopedia. Anthony Battle is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ professional. He earned the Chartered ...