Abstract: High-frequency signal injection method is a common control strategy for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives at zero and low speeds. A reasonable demodulation method is ...

In the last years, a major transition from analog to digital modulation techniques has occurred and it can be seen in all areas of wireless communication, satellite and cellular systems. This paper ...

Abstract: This paper proposes and theoretically evaluates two different schemes of code acquisition for pulse-position modulation (PPM), overlapping PPM (OPPM) fiber-optic code-division ...

Over the past decades, engineers have introduced numerous technologies that rely on light and its underlying characteristics. These include photonic and quantum systems that could advance imaging, ...

模拟传输（Analog Transmission）是指将连续变化的模拟信号通过传输介质发送到接收端的通信方式。与数字传输的离散比特流不同，模拟信号是连续的波形，能无限细分地表示信息，如声音的声波或图像的亮度变化。它直接源于物理世界：麦克风捕捉声音振动，转化为电信号电压波动；电视相机捕捉光线，生成连续的视频信号。

数字传输（Digital Transmission）是指将二进制数字信号（0和1的序列）通过传输介质发送到接收端的通信过程。它是现代网络的核心，与模拟传输（连续波形，如老式电话线）相对。为什么数字传输这么重要？因为它抗噪性强、易于处理和存储。在计算机时代，一切数据都数字化：文本、图像、视频，全都转化为比特流（bit ...