Abstract: Spatial visualization is the ability to imagine what an object looks like from various viewpoints or after the object has been rotated in space by some amount. Numerous studies have shown ...

Industrial and Product Engineering (IPE): As Industrial and Product Engineering (IPE) is mainly concerned with the science of optimizing complex systems, the title "The Problem Solver" is a perfect ...

Abstract: In solving engineering constrained optimization problems, the conventional black widow optimization algorithm (BWOA) has some shortcomings such as insufficient robustness and slow ...